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| press box Blog Overkill The danger of hyping a good thing into the ground. By Jack Shafer Posted Wednesday, Jan. 26, 2005, at 5:48 PM PT A long, long time ago—OK, it was 33 years ago—Michael Shamberg and a clutch of other video visionaries from the Raindance Corporation visited my college campus to preach their gospel of the coming media apocalypse. Waving a copy his book Guerrilla Television, Shamberg prophesied that the Sony Porta-Pak—an ungainly video camera wired to a luggage-size tape deck carried over the shoulder—would herald a media revolution greater than the one fomented by Gutenberg’s moveable type. Once the People got their hands on the video power and started making decentralized, alternative media, the network news programs would collapse under the weight of their own lies, Shamberg said. The Hollywood industrial entertainment complex was going down, too, man, and would be replaced by street stories recorded by Porta-Pak-toting freaks. The multiplexes out by the freeway would be shuttered and sold to neighborhood theater groups. In Guerrilla Television Shamberg wrote: With portable videotape technology, anything recorded on location is ready on location, instantly. Thus, people can control information about themselves, rather than surrender that power to outsiders. ABC, CBS, and NBC do not swim like fish among the people. They watch from the beach and thus just see the surface of the water. Shamberg convinced me that this clunky black-and-white camera would completely redistribute media power, although I didn’t join the rebellion, unlike some of my classmates, who purchased communal shares in a new Porta-Pak. So long, CBS, I thought. Nice to have known you, Warner Bros.! But the video vérité of proletarian life and the drama of the antipoverty demonstration, which the video guerrillas found so riveting, proved no competition for Starsky and Hutch and 60 Minutes. Even though video cameras continued to shrink in size and price throughout the ’70s, ’80s, and ’90s and have now proliferated to the point of ubiquity, the guerrilla uprising Shamberg and his comrades plotted never progressed much beyond the unwatched public-access channels at the high end of the dial. Their revolution was televised, but nobody watched. Memories of the video guerrillas percolated to my forebrain last Friday while I attended the “Blogging, Journalism, and Credibility” conference at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government. Many of the speakers, such as New York University journalism professor Jay Rosen and tech wizard/Ur blogger Dave Winer, echoed Shamberg’s fervor as they testified to the socially transformative power of blogs. A blogswarm of amateurs, they proclaimed, is breaking the professionals’ hold on the press. There’s a major power shift going on, Rosen stated, tilting toward users and away from the established media. In language only slightly less fervent than Shamberg’s, conference participants declared blogs the destroyers of mainstream media. (See this page and this page for a real-time transcription of the conference.) Others prescribed blogs as the medicine the newspaper industry should take to reclaim its lost readers: Publishers should support reader blogs and encourage their reporters to blog in addition to writing stories. Podcasts would undermine the radio network empires. “Open source” journalism, in which readers and bloggers help set the news agenda for newspapers, was promoted as a tonic for what ails the press. Reporters were encouraged to regain the lost trust of readers by blogging drafts of their stories, their notes, and even their taped interviews so other bloggers could dissect and analyze them for fairness. Winer discounted any chance that the clueless media would adapt to the blogofuture, saying publishers were as blind as the mainframe computer manufacturers of early 1980s who refused to believe PCs would replace their big iron. I hadn’t witnessed such public expressions of high self-esteem since the last time I attended a journalism awards ceremony. Despite all the blogger preening, none of the attending representatives of the “dinosaur” media—Jim Kennedy of the Associated Press, Jill Abramson of the New York Times, and Rick Kaplan of MSNBC TV—seemed hostile to or threatened by blogs. Kaplan (rightly) boasted about the proliferation of MSNBC blogs, including Hardblogger and Keith Olbermann’s Bloggermann. (See also Dan Abrams’ Sidebar and Joe Scarborough’s Congressman Joe.) His network ran something like 19,000 video clips by citizens from the tsunami front and invites viewers to contribute to its Citizen Journalist Report page. When the Times’ Abramson asked rhetorically if the conference bloggers had any idea how much it cost to maintain a news bureau in Baghdad, the supreme confidence of a couple of bloggers fractured into petty defensiveness. “That’s a silly question!” snapped Winer. “Asking bloggers what this costs is silly. If you want to tell us what it costs, that’s fine. … But there are bloggers in Baghdad! That’s your competition; that’s what you have to deal with.” Moments later, Jeff Jarvis of BuzzMachine criticized the Times for missing an antiterrorism demonstration in Baghdad that an Iraqi blogger photographed and posted. The Times ignored this story, Jarvis claimed, because it ghettoizes news gatherers who aren’t professionals. Abramson shook her head as he spoke. “We’re not trying to ghettoize anyone,” Abramson said. “So why did you shake your head!?” the ordinarily composed Jarvis barked, as if Abramson’s modest physical expression of disagreement constituted the crime of arrogance. Such was Jarvis’ yelp that conference host Alex Jones reminded folks to keep it civil. The bloggers certainly weren’t going to get much lip from me. I saddled up with the new media posse back in 1996, and much of what I do—write, post, link, read, communicate with readers, devote myself to an arcane subject—resembles what most bloggers do, except that I get paid for it, and I tend to write twice or three times a week at 1,000 words rather than several times daily at a paragraph or three. The biggest difference between me and conventional bloggers is that I usually pause between first thought and posting. Inspired by the slow food movement, I like to think of myself as a slow blogger. Sometimes I’m so slow—as this Wednesday dispatch from a Friday-Saturday conference proves—that I resemble a conventional journalist. Maybe because I’ve been writing and editing on the Web for so long and reading, to my great edification, the blogs of such writers as Josh Marshall, Andrew Sullivan, Mickey Kaus, James Wolcott, Eugene Volokh, Glenn Reynolds, Mark A.R. Kleiman, Edward Jay Epstein, as well as Reason’s Hit & Run and the essential Romenesko, to name a few, the alleged divide between the old media and this new whippersnapper media of blogs has never seemed real to me. With the exception of the “metro” section reporter covering a 12-car pile-up on the freeway, I think most practicing journalists today are as Webby as any blogger you care to name. Journalists have had access to broadband connections for longer than most civilians, and nearly every story they tackle begins with a Web dump of essential information from Google or a proprietary database such as Nexis or Factiva. They conduct interviews via e-mail, download official documents from .gov sites, check facts, and monitor the competition—including blogs—the whole while. A few even store as a “favorite” the URL from Technorati that takes them directly to what the blogs are saying about them (here’s mine) and talk back. When every story starts on the Web, and every story can be stripped to its digital bits and pumped through wires and over the air, we’re all Web journalists. The premature triumphalism of some bloggers indicates that they haven’t paid attention to how Webified journalists have become. They also ignore media history. New media technologies almost never replace old media technologies, they merely force old technologies to adapt and find new ways to connect with their audiences. Radio killed the “special edition,” but newspapers survived. When television dethroned radio as the hearthside infobox and cratered the Hollywood box office, radio became a mobile medium, and Hollywood devoted itself to spectaculars that the tiny TV set couldn’t adequately display. The competitive spiral has continued, with cable TV, VCRs and DVDs, satellite TV and radio broadcasters, and now Internet broadcasters entering the fray. The only extinct mass medium that I can think of is the movie house newsreel. The likelihood that blogs will vanquish mainstream media recalls the prediction Michael Crichton made in his 1993 essay “Mediasaurus.” Crichton wrote that the New York Times and one commercial TV network would vanish within a decade and would be replaced by artificial-intelligence agents, skimming information and the news from news databases and composing front pages or broadcasts tailored to the interests and needs of individuals. Like Shamberg’s guerrilla revolution, Crichton’s infotopia failed to arrive as promised. In 2002, Crichton good-naturedly claimed that his vision will still come true; it’s just running a little late. If media visionaries underestimate the adaptive skills of the old media to imitate, acquire (as Slate did kausfiles and as the Washington Post Co. did Slate), and innovate, they also tend to underestimate their own abilities to take over the old media from within. When the guerrilla movement stalled, Shamberg worked his way up the media food chain and into the mainstream. Raindance Corporation morphed into Top Value Television, or TVTV, which shot the 1972 political conventions for several cable systems, produced documentaries for PBS, and then bunked with the bourgeoisie to create a comedy pilot for NBC, The TVTV Show. Ensconced in Hollywood, Shamberg became a motion picture producer in 1980 with a docudrama about Cassady and Kerouac, Heart Beat. Since then he’s produced or executive-produced almost three dozen features, including The Big Chill, Pulp Fiction, Get Shorty, Gattaca, Out of Sight, Man on the Moon, and Erin Brockovich. All have screened at your local multiplex. The danger of fetishizing a new technology (the Porta-Pak) or a new media wrinkle (the blog) is obvious: In the rush to define the new new thing and celebrate its wonders, the human tendency to oversell kicks in. Am I the only one who remembers how John Perry Barlow, drunk on the Web nine years ago, issued his ridiculous “Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace”? In hyperbolic fashion, Barlow wrote, “We will create a civilization of the Mind in Cyberspace. May it be more humane and fair than the world your governments have made before.” Lenin subscribed to this sort of technological moonbeamism when he declared that socialism plus electricity would equal communism, and we know where that led. News blogs, political blogs, sports blogs, community blogs, gardening blogs, tech blogs, shopping blogs, radio blogs, video blogs, and blog blogs all possess great potential. But we owe it to this prodigious new communications form not to demand too much too soon. ****** Watch the bloggers work me over here. (I’ve collected some comments below.) I’ll send a U.S. dollar to the first who writes “Shafer doesn’t get it.” Send e-mail to pressbox@hotmail.com. Disclosure: The conference covered by airfare and lodging. (E-mail may be quoted by name unless the writer stipulates otherwise.) Bloggers Rip My Flesh: Here are comments from the blogosphere about my “Blog Overkill” column. Note on methodology: I harvested them from Technorati, Daypop, Blogdex, and from e-mails sent to me by bloggers. (Jan. 27, 2 p.m. ET) BuzzMachine: “Shafer’s column is pretty clueless.” Lead and Gold: “I was surprised at this Slate piece on blogs. It is thoughtful and even-handed.” Blogenlus: “Shafer gives too much credence to those that believe blogs will revolutionize media.” Captain’s Quarters: “We may exaggerate our importance at times, but if Shafer thinks that the news and entertainment industries will remain essentially unchanged ten years from now, he may be one of the last casualties of the revolution.” The Agitator: “Jack Shafer expounds on what I’ve been saying here for months–the blogosphere has begun to take itself way too seriously.” EdCone.com: “Boring, Jack. And worse, inaccurate.” EricRice.com: “I’ve got news for all you disclosure weenies. I disclose that I agree with a good deal of what Shafer writes.” Ruminator: “[Shafer] still misses the most important point.” The New SteveSilver.net: “… a tough-but-fair piece on blogs that I suspect the ‘sphere will be all over tomorrow.” Soul of Wit: “I don’t buy everything he says, but he makes a compelling point that, despite we bloggers thinking we are the web-savvy journalists of the future, traditional journalists have long made use of the internet and computer technology in their work.” (Jan. 27, 7:30 p.m. ET) Bopnews.com: “What is different is that there is a wall around Jack [Shafer], and there isn’t a wall around most bloggers.” Broadsheet: In an excellent review of last weekend’s “Blogging, Journalism, and Credibility” conference at Harvard, Shafer makes the point that Bloggers might be getting a little too full of themselves in claiming the coming apocalypse of mainstream media.” Light Seeking Light: “As a useful corrective to the optimism of bloggy zealots (that’s right you–you know who you are) read Jack Shafer’s “Blog Overkill” article in the current edition of Slate.” The Liberal Conservative: “Jack Shafer doesn’t get it. … And belittling that movement by directing his barbs at the particular representatives of blogging at a particular conference … only serves to demonstrate how deeply Shafer’s ignorance lies.” [Shafer note: You win the $1. Send your postal address to pressbox@hotmail.com and I'll send you the cash.] Hit & Run: “One thing I never see mentioned in these MSM-vs-blogs stories is how completely positive, ecstatic, and fawning the old media coverage of blogs is.” Gawker: “Jack Shafer writes something about blogs or something. (It was too long, but Jeff Jarvis is mentioned!)” The Paul Wall: ” … the bottom line is that Shafer gets about half of it. I appreciated his detailed report of the conference face-off, but even the most clued journos don’t seem to understand that this is not a mutually exclusive enterprise.” Projo.com (Providence Journal): “Jack Shafer of Slate vs. Jay Rosen of NYU take off the gloves in an intramural flap over old and new media, blog triumphalism and decency that really doesn’t have anything to do with the act of blogging.” Mr. Left: “I honestly believe that Mr. Shafer is going to look back someday and realize that this blog revolution is hell of a lot closer to causing the kinds of changes that the printing press produced than the results the Porta-Pak produced.” Bless Our Bleeding Hearts: “Maybe you could forgive some of the hyperbole a little if you take into account how powerless we feel otherwise. So if I put in Jack Shafer’s name will the technorati site find it?” Galley Slaves: “Inside payoff: Read Shafer’s list of blogs he likes and find which one is missing. It’ll make you glad to know that the rift must be real. If you know what I’m talking about, it’ll make you smile.” (Jan. 28, 9 a.m. ET) Wizbang: “Captain Ed writes eloquently as to how Shafer missed the revolution.” Anil Dash: “I wasn’t at the conference, so I can’t comment on the specifics that Jack Shafer references, but I’m finding it hard to disagree with anything that’s written in this Slate column.” Threadwatch.org: “Well, im [sic] happy at least, half the blogosphincter want his blood for pointing out the patently obvious but it’s made my day to see that someone actually sees through all the ridiculous hype and ego preening nonsense about blogs out there.” Culture Hack: “I won’t say Jack Shafer doesn’t get it, but his comparison of blogging and Shamberger’s [sic] ‘Guerrilla Television’ misses the target.” Eight Diagrams: ” … a well-earned a chuckle from this corner.” Dohiyi Mir: “Slate’s Jack Shafer writes about last week’s SloMoBloJoCred. And gets it.” Tom Watson: “Shafer’s point is this: modern journos are–in general–incredibly blog-savvy. Sure, they get busted by bloggers; but the good ones use the blogosphere as a Candyland of rumor, data, and story leads.” Random Thoughts: “Jack Shafer believes all of this emphasis on blogs, especially the emphasis on blogs somehow replacing traditional journalism, is so much overkill. And it is.” Reasonablenut: “Jack Shafer has an article on the continuing self-gratification that bloggers are giving themselves. He apparently attended some forum at Harvard last weekend that included MSM types and the archetypal ‘rogue, independent’ blogger that is out there digging for the truth on a daily basis. The forum included Jeff Jarvis who seems to have permanently thrown his dress over his head.” Fafblog: “A POX upon Jack Shafer, who mocks the Holy Revolution of Blogtopia from his old-media citadel of Slate Magazine! Giblets will explain why his Bloggian Revolution beats your old-style mainstream ‘internet journalism,’ Shafer. Oh sure, you also write independent fast-paced web-based fact-checking on the media. But the difference is you have ‘experience’ and ‘resources’ and ‘training,’ while Giblets rides the unbounded electronic fury of the internet which he can unleash upon you at his whim! Destroy him, my pretties!” Hawk’s Net: “The editor at large of Slate has some sobering thoughts about the blog hype. … His arguments sound similar to discussions about e-books replacing real books. The Evangelical Outpost: “Bloggers don’t want to replace the media. We only want to be included in the process.” Blogghype: “Jack Shafer har en bra artikel i Slate om hur bloggare inte verkar förstå att tidningar faktiskt inte hotas av bloggar som många verkar tro.” (Jan. 28, 12 noon ET) E-mail from video guerrilla turned Hollywood producer Michael Shamberg: Dear Jack, I enjoyed your piece about the enthusiastic prophecy of my youth. In some ways I was right, decentralized media tools did open up many new points of view on television in a gamut that runs from the Rodney King video through The Real World to America’s Funniest Home Videos. But at every turn mainstream media assimilated these new points of view and there are less media companies today than 33 years ago so I was wrong to think that new content would mean new ownership. I think the reason is that the scale of investment needed to run distribution outlets is too large for small groups to manage. However, with the internet the economic barriers to entry are very low so it is possible to imagine new businesses growing out of them. While I support the messianic fervor of bloggers it is too soon to predict what structural change, if any, will emerge in the media. The ultimate limit isn’t economic, but talent. Not that many people have something original to say. But the bloggers are right that you can get alternative information to people quickly and without censorship. Indeed, I read your article because someone in my office forwarded it to me. In the old days, it would take a letter or a fax to circulate the information. I think that is revolutionary. When I speak to college classes I tell them that now is the most exciting time in history to work in the media. Making a living at it is another story. … Best, MS Jack Shafer is Slate’s editor at large. Article URL: http://slate.msn.com/id/2112621 | |||
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Month: January 2005
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11:50:14 AM
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The Hispanic Society of America, 2005
Charles-Antoine Coypel’s version of a victorious Don Quixote.
Friday, January 28, 2005
11:47:32 AM
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The Hispanic Society of America, 2005
Robert Smirke’s portrait of his penitence in the Sierra Morena
January 28, 2005
ART REVIEW | ‘IMAGES OF DON QUIXOTE’
The Multiple Aspects of the Knight Who Dreamed Impossible Dreams
By HOLLAND COTTER
A few years back, Miguel de Cervantes’s “Don Quixote” was declared the greatest book of all time in a worldwide poll of well-known writers. Such proclamations are silly, but this one wasn’t undeserved. If great means pioneering, profound and influential, then Cervantes’s tale of one man’s delusional effort to restore the age of chivalry to an ungallant world ranks high on any short list. It is also a terrific read, and this year it is 400 years old.
The Hispanic Society of America, high on any list of New York City’s distinctive cultural institutions, is celebrating the event with a special exhibition called “Images of Don Quixote: The Art of Illustration and Printmaking.” And no one is better equipped to do so: the society’s permanent collection includes practically every known illustrated edition of the book from the 17th through the 20th centuries, as well as paintings by Cervantes’s contemporaries, among them El Greco and Luis de Morales.
The show is organized by Patrick Lenaghan, the Hispanic Society’s curator of prints and photographs, and first appeared at the Prado in Madrid last year, then in Seville. The New York edition is severely reduced – down to 40 images from 120 – but still manages to ask the same basic historical question and provide some of the same responses.
The question is this: What, exactly, has made the novel such a success for so long, endlessly translated, admired by writers – Flaubert and Melville were mad for it – and illustrated by some of Europe’s best graphic artists? One answer: Its characters and plot are detailed enough to feel immediate, but broad enough to accommodate shifting audiences. As cultures and sensibilities changed, the book changed; and as Mr. Lenaghan demonstrates in a fine catalog essay, these changes are reflected in the succession of illustrations. To early readers and listeners, the book was a comedy, pure and simple, and not a genteel one. Quixote was the pettiest type of petty nobleman, with a tarted-up title and moral pretensions. He was also crazy, a ridiculous and potentially dangerous thing to be. His story was viewed as a kind of epic-length comedy skit larded with social cruelties and bathroom jokes.
This spirit comes through in the show’s first section, “Slapstick and Comedy of Manners,” which includes some early print illustrations. One, in a French edition from around 1650, depicts Quixote’s servant, Sancho Panza – the embodiment of peasant earthiness and low-life wiles – defecating from fear as he tries to stop his master from attacking imagined enemies in a forest at night.
By the 18th century, illustrators were taking varied approaches to the book, with John Vanderbank in England bringing uncommon restraint to its zany narrative. The novel had enjoyed a huge British vogue at the time of the Restoration and stayed popular even after the Stuart king was deposed. Vanderbank worked for an anti-Royalist patron who insisted he eliminate any trace of monarchical frippery from his pictures.
The artist did so, with one exception. He dressed Quixote, absurd figure that he was, in a type of armor associated with Charles I, an earlier king whose extravagance had cost him his life.
In Europe, Rococo artists made adjustments in the opposite direction. French engravings after designs by the painter Charles-Antoine Coypel adhered to a burlesque mode but added balletic poses and arcadian settings and turned Quixote himself into a relatively harmless fop. For an edition printed in Leipzig in 1780, Daniel Chodowiecki added women in chic court gowns and wigs. And in one book with designs by Fragonard, Quixote seems to change from plate to plate, from a book-addled coot to a sad Watteauvian clown.
The Fragonard images, published in 1800, were transitions to yet another Quixote, the Romantic one – a sympathetic figure, an idealist mistreated by an uncomprehending world, a visionary who, in pictures by the British artist Robert Smirke, looks like a hermit-saint. This trend, interwoven with earlier ones, culminates in Gustave Doré (1832-83), a versatile artist with the theatrical instincts of an opera director.
Doré’s famous depiction of Quixote in his study, the scene that opens the novel, has the fizz of a Rossini comedy, with the hero a dotty old darling, arm raised, mouth open, hitting a high note. He is surrounded not only by the books on chivalry to which he’s addicted, but by the characters in them come to life: trumpeting pages, distraught damsels, ogrelike villains and charging knights. (In fact, the novel did inspire operas, including one by the novelist Henry Fielding and another by Jules Massenet.)
But other Dorés turn up in the “Don Quixote” illustrations, too: the artist who produced grim, muckraking pictures of the London slums, and the one who gave somber, penumbral life to Dante’s “Divine Comedy” and to Tennyson’s “Idylls of the King.” In Doré’s often melodramatic approach to Cervantes, comedy vanishes and near-tragedy takes its place.
A result is a Quixote closer to the one we have come to know: the antihero, the Broadway dreamer of impossible dreams, valiantly charging at existential windmills. The small show ends with versions of the actual windmill scene by eight artists. Most of them dramatize the instant when Quixote crashes into the mill’s turning sails and is tossed into the air. But one of the later prints, dated 1879, by Adolphe Lalauze, zeroes in on the aftermath, with the stunned old man stretched on the ground like the dead Christ in a Pietà.
When I first read the book on a trip through Spain in my teens, I relished it as a Pickwickian romp. Later, viewed through the lens of history, Borges and a little more life, the picture darkened. Revisiting it in varied visual forms at the Hispanic Society, the novel felt lighter to me again, in the sense of unsettled, loose, unpinned-down. And what strikes me now, as it never did before, is the ending: sick and exhausted, Quixote regains his sanity, rejects the chivalric quest – the belief, the reality – that has fueled the entire story, and dies.
So an enormous change at the last minute turns a crazy adventure inside out. A question: Aren’t we, in our own ways, just as driven by delusion as Quixote, and will we be struck sane, whatever that may mean? You won’t find answers in this exhibition. Art can’t, after all, illustrate sanity, because that’s what art is.
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Friday, January 28, 2005
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“Apostle Bartholomew” (1661), from the exhibition “Rembrandt’s Late Religious Portraits” at the National Gallery of Art in Washington.
Friday, January 28, 2005
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“A Bearded Man in a Cap” (1657)
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Friday, January 28, 2005
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Rembrandt’s 1660 portrait of his companion Hendrickje Stoffels, also known as “The Sorrowing Virgin.”
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Friday, January 28, 2005
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Rembrandt’s 1661 “Self-Portrait as the Apostle Paul.”
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Friday, January 28, 2005
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“The Apostle Bartholomew” (1657)
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January 28, 2005
ART REVIEW | ‘REMBRANDT’S LATE RELIGIOUS PORTRAITS’
Humanity With Flaws Forgiven
By MICHAEL KIMMELMAN
ASHINGTON
THE woman, hand to chest, leans a little forward, head turned and tilted, lips slightly parted, liquid eyes gazing into the ether. She is dressed in a dark, fur-lined cloak that reveals a peek-a-boo white chemise; a robe sewn with gold is draped over her right shoulder and it glints, like the gold fillet in her hair. Her round, pretty face is a little puffy and sad, and she seems oblivious of us. But she is no doubt alert to the painter, her lover, whose gifts are so surpassing that simply by virtue of being the object of his devotion she looks divine.
This is a portrait of Hendrickje Stoffels, Rembrandt’s companion. In the little Rembrandt show opening Sunday here at the National Gallery, the picture is tentatively identified (with a question mark after the title) as “The Sorrowing Virgin.”
Had he been a poet instead of a painter, Rembrandt would have seduced countless women with his love sonnets. Every lover would have believed him when he wrote yet another poem that swore undying devotion to her unrivaled feet and peerless earlobes.
His portraits convey pretty much the same message, after all. Each one says: “Here, stripped bare, is the true essence of this person, the depth of his or her soul in paint. Have you ever met anyone so authentic and remarkable?” Painting after painting makes that point. Rembrandt’s touch was itself about his own individuality, suggesting the inimitability of his genius (never mind that his style was imitable enough for assistants and followers to flummox future generations of experts, and delight those who mischievously enjoy seeing other people’s gold turn out to be brass).
Not everybody would want to be painted by Rembrandt – launched into posterity in such an eloquent brown fog, bearing the weight of the world on one’s shoulders, looking watery-eyed and wrinkled. But it’s flattering to think of yourself as the sort of person, spiritually speaking, that Rembrandt concocted: soulful, substantial. Every Dutch burgher became a saint in his hands. My favorite Rembrandt portraits may be a pair of pictures in London, the ones of Jacob Trip and his wife, Margaretha de Geer, at the National Gallery there. Trip was a Dordrecht mining honcho and an arms dealer, rich as Croesus. In his portrait, he looks like the aged Moses leaning on a cane instead of a staff.
Arthur K. Wheelock Jr., the curator of this focused gem of an exhibition, contemplated including the Trip portrait, which was painted sometime around 1661. It would have joined 17 other works from the 1650′s and 1660′s, pictures late in Rembrandt’s career (he died in 1669, at 63), which have mystified scholars.
They are paintings of Jesus, Mary and assorted evangelists, apostles and monks. Or some are. Others may be. Some look like “portraits historiés,” commissioned portraits in which Rembrandt decked out his hoity-toity patrons as holy men and women. Some are clearly not commissioned portraits but models. We know this because the same face appears in different pictures, here as a St. Bartholomew, there as a St. Paul.
Portraits like the one of Stoffels are more ambiguous: an “Apostle Bartholomew” is so titled because the alert, heavy-lidded, mustachioed man with his hand to his chin staring melancholically at us, clasps a knife, the symbol of Bartholomew’s martyrdom. But at one time this same painting was called “Rembrandt’s Cook,” then “The Assassin.”
Cook, assassin, lover or the Virgin Mary? The first question is why Rembrandt, reared a Protestant, whose religious beliefs nonetheless remain largely unknown, would have painted saints and apostles at all. In Protestant Holland, Catholic religious orders and monasteries were banned. Reformationists regarded saints as needless intermediaries in the quest for salvation. For whom did Rembrandt paint these pictures? For himself? Did he have Catholic patrons, perhaps, outside Holland?
It’s clear he was going through a bad patch at the time. The church condemned his relationship with Stoffels when she bore him a child out of wedlock in 1654. Debts forced him to auction off his house, his personal effects, his art collection, even his wife’s grave. His style of painting also fell out of fashion in Amsterdam; young artists were deserting his brand of expressiveness. It’s hard to know how much trouble Rembrandt really was in, whether he sheltered income from creditors, whether he still had assistants. He was commissioned to paint not just Trip’s portrait but also the “Syndics of the Drapers’ Guild,” so he was not without opportunities.
But in various ways, Rembrandt’s difficulties might have caused him to identify with saints and apostles. His self-portrait as St. Paul, Mr. Wheelock speculates, is “about the supremacy of grace over law” and the notion of “the great but flawed man who, saved by God’s grace, reveals the power of the Christian faith to those struggling with their own human limitations.” Rembrandt’s Paul is not a sturdy and forbidding pillar of righteousness but a scruffy, ordinary old man, hapless, weak-chinned and quizzical, gazing at or just past us with arched eyebrows, crumpled brow, a big, fleshy nose and wild tufts of hair escaping from his turban: a humble Paul, on whom God happens to shines the bright, consoling light of grace.
Perhaps Mr. Wheelock is right. It’s as if Rembrandt, at odds with the law now, were saying the only law that matters ultimately is divine law. He’s also admitting in this picture, “I’m not perfect.”
The flawed humanity of his saints is the heart of the art, and what gives it spiritual truth. Plain sight suggests that some of the paintings might have been linked as a series because they’re the same size. But others differ; their touch varies wildly – so much so that people might well wonder whether Rembrandt even did them all.
I prefer to flip the question: could any other artist have painted with such affective variety? Rembrandt by this stage knew how to do everything: how to scuff and scratch and scribble, where to leave passages rough, where to smoothen, how to telegraph forms, to hint at volumes, to paint thin and dry or thick and pasty. In a version of “Apostle Paul,” this one with a bearded model sitting before a table, hand to brow, rapt in thought, Rembrandt painted flesh tones as a thin layer over a warm primary. Then he suggested eyes, nose and beard without drawing any sharp contours, letting light sculpture the hair, skin and bone, a different tack from the one he took for “Bartholomew” or Stoffels or himself.
What’s constant is the human aspect. It’s what Rembrandt focuses our eyes on: on St. James’s meaty hands; on Simon’s long, rugged face, like a lumberjack’s, brooding, his thumb casually hooked over the handle of the cross saw that is the instrument of his martyrdom; on the sad eyes of the man with the reddish mustache and bushy beard, a portrait that used to be called “A Jewish Rabbi.”
Rembrandt’s power was to show us ourselves in these portraits of holy men and women. Which is to say, the divine in us.
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Friday, January 28, 2005
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Lance Cpl. Tony Hernandez, from Canyon Lake, Tex., lost more than 20 pounds to join the Marines, his father, Leroy, said. Corporal Hernandez was one of 31 killed in a helicopter crash on Wednesday
January 28, 2005
For Troops’ Loved Ones, a Day of Loss and Dreams Cut Short
By JAMES BARRON and SARAH KERSHAW
There was the mechanic from Texas, a chunky redhead the Marines rejected the first time he tried to enlist, before he lost the 23 pounds.
There was the corporal from New Jersey whose father served in Vietnam, whose grandfather served in Korea and whose older brother, also a lance corporal, expects to leave for Iraq by mid-March.
There was the reservist from Virginia who posted photographs he took with his two-megapixel digital camera on a Web site he set up. One image showed him cradling a captured rifle.
The troops who died Wednesday on the deadliest day for the troops in Iraq were young, and they came from across the country, from Vermont and California, from Texas, Ohio and New Jersey.
Yesterday, as the grim news sank in, families grieved for the 30 marines and the sailor who died when their helicopter crashed in a sandstorm and for six other service members who died in combat in Iraq on Wednesday. Twenty-seven of the dead were based at Marine Corps Base Hawaii-Kaneohe Bay.
Now their loved ones have only the memories, and the e-mail messages and letters they sent home. And some do not even have those. Cpl. Christopher L. Weaver, 24, left his girlfriend, Danell Weaver, wondering what was in the epistle he had mentioned but had not mailed. They met in college, and had made having the same last name a running joke, especially after they began talking about getting married.
“He said it was, like, 18 pages and about how much he loved me,” Ms. Weaver said of the letter in a telephone interview. “It was our story. It was basically about our courtship, how he fell in love with me and things like that. He was a historian. He really liked putting things in writing so they’d be safe forever.”
Military officials said they were investigating the helicopter crash, which took place in western Iraq early Wednesday near Rutba, a town in western Iraq about 70 miles from the Jordanian border, but they released no further details on what might have caused the CH-53E Super Stallion to go down.
The troops on board had been so eager, their loved ones said.
“I remember when the war started he was in Hawaii and I said, I’m glad they didn’t send you to Iraq,” said Belga Saintvil, whose son, Cpl. Gael Saintvil, 24, died in the crash. “But he said he wanted to go, to perform his duty.”
The mechanic, Lance Cpl. Tony Hernandez, died 11 days before his first anniversary, Feb. 7. His widow, Jacquie Hernandez, called him a hardcore marine and recalled how, before they began dating, they had argued about his decision to join the corps.
“It was tough when he found out he was going to Iraq,” she said, “but to him it was worth it. He believed in what he was doing.” She said he had had at least one close call, when a nearby explosion lifted him off the ground and threw him down, but he was not seriously hurt.
Corporal Hernandez’s father, Leroy, of Canyon Lake, Tex., said his son had become “gung-ho about joining the Marines” while in a junior reserve officer training program in high school. But the Marines turned down Tony Hernandez when he graduated in 2001 because of his weight.
“He was probably, I would guess, 210,” Leroy Hernandez said, too heavy for a would-be recruit who was only 5 feet 7 inches tall.
But after one semester at San Antonio College, Tony Hernandez and a friend went to a marine recruiter who put Tony on an exercise program. His target was 187 pounds.
“He got very motivated,” Mr. Hernandez said.
And before long the Marines sent him to boot camp. By the time he left for Iraq last summer, Mr. Hernandez said he almost did not recognize his leaner, tougher son. Corporal Hernandez had been told he would be sent home in March, Mr. Hernandez said.
Cpl. Sean Kelly was also approaching the end of his tour in Iraq. He told his family in Pitman, N.J., that he expected to leave early next month. And, like Corporal Hernandez, he had settled on the military while in high school. “In the future,” he wrote in the yearbook, “I plan on being a United States Marine.”
His parents said he never openly expressed fear or doubt about being in Iraq. “He knew the risks,” said his father, Alexander, who served in the military in Vietnam. His grandfathers also served, one in the British Army in World War II, the other in the Navy in the Korean War. An uncle is also a Marine, the Kellys said.
Corporal Kelly “was fulfilling his life choices,” his mother, Lynn, said. “He was proud to be there fighting for our country. We were proud of him and he was very proud to be doing what he was doing, and his loss is going to be a very big void for us.”
His brother, Lance Cpl. Ryan Kelly, 25, enlisted in 2003 and expects to be sent to Iraq in the next six to eight weeks. “It’s his choice to continue, his journey,” Mrs. Kelly said, “and we will just keep him in our prayers.”
Sgt. Jesse Strong, 24, of Orleans, Vt., had made a lasting impression at Liberty University, whose chancellor is the Rev. Jerry Falwell, the pastor of Thomas Road Baptist Church, also in Lynchburg, Va. Sergeant Strong was in the Marine Corps while attending Liberty and often wore his uniform to campus events, including banquets and end-of-the year celebrations, even when formal dress was not required, said those who knew him there. Dwayne Carson, a campus pastor who became a close friend, said Sergeant Strong had been a prayer leader and spoke frequently of his desire to go on active duty. “I knew he wanted to serve his country,” he said. “I knew he was very proud of our country.”
Some of the troops had contacted their families just this week. Some had not heard anything for a while. Sgt. Michael Finke Jr., 28, called his father in Ohio on Tuesday to say he expected to leave Iraq early next month.
“I asked about sending a package,” Mr. Finke said, “and he said no, he thought he would be shipping out by Feb. 4 or 5.”
By contrast, Sue-Lane Moore last heard from her grandson, Cpl. James L. Moore, 24, as the year began. She did not know where he was when he called. He said he could not tell her, but she remembered what he said.
“He says, Grandma, I’d rather be fighting them here than to have them come there to fight,” Ms. Moore, 69, recalled, through her sobs, in a telephone interview from her home in Salem, Ore. “He was doing what he felt was right. If that’s what he wanted to do, I believed it was the right thing to do.”
Lance Cpl. Karl Linn, a marine reservist from Midlothian, Va., who was killed in Al Anbar province on Wednesday, left behind a Web site (www.karl.linn.net) with photographs he had posted just last week. He apologized on the home page for the site’s “improvised” look. “I’m working with what tools I have available,” he wrote, “and polishing up the details when I can.”
Corporal Linn’s e-mail messages home tended to be breezy and upbeat, his father, Richard Linn, said yesterday. Mr. Linn talked about how they had practiced shooting at local firing ranges and how one year Mr. Linn gave his son a Chinese-made semiautomatic rifle. “But he was more of a thinker and a designer,” he said.
Corporal Linn had been a engineering student at Virginia Commonwealth University when his unit was called to active duty. Corporal Linn accepted the assignment willingly, his father said. “He wanted to pay back society for what he had been given,” Mr. Linn said.
Reporting for this article was contributed by Lisa Bacon in Richmond, Va.; Chris Dixon in Miramar, Calif.; John Holl in Pitman, N.J.; and Thomas J. Lueck in New York.
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Friday, January 28, 2005
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January 28, 2005
‘Last Don’ Reported to Be First One to Betray Mob
By WILLIAM K. RASHBAUM
In a remarkable turn in the long, sometimes colorful history of law enforcement’s fight against organized crime, the imprisoned boss of the Bonanno crime family has begun cooperating with federal authorities and has told them about another top Mafia member’s proposal to kill a prosecutor, law enforcement officials said yesterday.
The cooperation of one of the official bosses of New York’s five Mafia clans is all the more extraordinary because it involves Joseph C. Massino, 62, who was known as the last don, an Old World stalwart who clung to the fading values of honor and omertà, the Mafia’s code of silence.
Mr. Massino, who was convicted in July on federal murder and racketeering charges and could face the death penalty if he is convicted in a new pending murder case, secretly recorded prison conversations with another mob figure about the idea of killing the prosecutor, said the officials, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of Mr. Massino’s cooperation. The threat led federal authorities to provide the prosecutor with a 24-hour security detail.
The discussions between Mr. Massino and the other mob figure, the Bonanno family’s acting boss, Vincent Basciano, were recorded on Jan. 3 and Jan. 7 inside the Metropolitan Detention Center, a federal jail in Brooklyn where both men were imprisoned, according to officials and court papers. Both men were in solitary confinement; it is unclear how or where in the prison they met.
Their conversations are briefly outlined in a murder and racketeering indictment unsealed yesterday against Mr. Basciano, a beauty salon owner who is known as Vinny Gorgeous, in an unrelated killing. It does not cite Mr. Massino by name but refers to two meetings between Mr. Basciano and “a high-ranking member of the Bonanno family” at which the proposal to kill the prosecutor – who handled two cases against Mr. Massino and an earlier case against Mr. Basciano – was discussed. The officials said that the high-ranking member was Mr. Massino.
As the news spread yesterday among law enforcement officials and lawyers who represent organized crime figures, and in the world of the gangsters themselves, most people responded with disbelief. One former Mafia member who himself turned informant in recent years summed up the reaction, shouting “What?” when he learned of the development. “I’m shocked,” the onetime mob figure continued in a phone interview. “He seemed like an old-time guy. I never would have thought.”
The defense lawyer who represented Mr. Massino in his trial that ended in July, David Breitbart, was skeptical that his former client was cooperating with the government.
“I can’t believe Joe Massino is an informant – I just don’t buy it,” he said.
Mr. Massino’s current lawyer, Flora Edwards, would not comment yesterday. Neither would spokesmen for the F.B.I. nor the U.S. attorney’s office in Brooklyn.
Several law enforcement officials suggested that Mr. Massino’s cooperation so far has been limited largely to his disclosure about what they say was Mr. Basciano’s proposal to kill the prosecutor, Greg D. Andres, and the secretly recorded tapes. And it is unclear what Mr. Massino may be seeking – or may have obtained – in exchange for his cooperation with the F.B.I. and Brooklyn federal prosecutors or why he came forward.
He may have been seeking consideration in the death penalty case or perhaps wanted to forestall pending forfeiture proceedings that could leave his family destitute. One former investigator said Mr. Massino might have been prompted to act by Mr. Basciano’s proposal, a highly unusual violation of mob protocol, which holds that such killings are to be avoided because of the intense scrutiny they would bring.
It also remains to be seen whether Mr. Massino will be extensively debriefed, as are most Mafia turncoats, but the F.B.I. and federal prosecutors believe they already know much about the Bonanno family because so many of his underlings have already switched sides and testified for the government. Nine former associates, including Mr. Massino’s brother-in-law and underboss, testified against Mr. Massino at his trial last summer.
Mr. Massino is far from the first high-ranking mob figure to cooperate with the F.B.I. and federal prosecutors: Luchese acting bosses Alphonse D’Arco and Joseph Defede both became government witnesses, as did the Gambino underboss, Salvatore Gravano, and the Luchese underboss, Anthony Casso.
But Mr. Massino is the first official boss of New York’s five crime families to do so, and is also, according to several experts on organized crime, the first high-ranking New York crime figure to secretly record one of his underlings.
But the symbolic impact of a Mafia boss – let alone one like Mr. Massino, who held bloody sway over the Bonannos for 25 years, 10 of them as boss – cooperating with the government was not lost on those who investigate and prosecute mob figures, and those who defend them.
Despite his skepticism, Mr. Breitbart, Mr. Massino’s former lawyer, noted that the prosecutor had been successful finding mob witnesses: “Andres has turned everyone else. I’m the guy that cross-examined nine ex-friends of Joe Massino, from reputed soldiers to an underboss.”
Bruce Mouw, a retired F.B.I. supervisor who spent 18 of his 26 years in the bureau making cases against the mob, including the one that led to Mr. Gravano’s cooperation and John J. Gotti’s conviction, saw the development yesterday as a further sign of the deep decay of La Cosa Nostra, as the Mafia is known in the F.B.I.
“The big thing is Joe has been the boss for over 10 years, and he’s always been considered a traditionalist – an L.C.N. loyalist and an old time boss,” he said. “Some of these die-hards, they would die in jail before they betray La Cosa Nostra and their oath to omertà. This just shows you the state of organized crime – nothing is sacred. It’s the rules of the jungle, every man for himself.”
The indictment unsealed yesterday did not charge Mr. Basciano in connection with the proposal to kill Mr. Andres. But it said that he saw Mr. Massino at the Brooklyn federal courthouse, where both men had cases pending against them, in late 2004, and “proposed the murder of a federal law enforcement official involved in investigating and prosecuting members of the Bonanno family, including Mr. Basciano.”
Benjamin Brafman, a lawyer who has represented Mr. Basciano in the past, said he was not handling the case unsealed yesterday or another pending case against him. Mr. Basciano has not yet been arraigned on the new charges and a lawyer for him could not be located yesterday.
Mr. Massino’s current lawyer, Ms. Edwards, in a letter sent Wednesday to the judge handling Mr. Massino’s cases, said she sought to adjourn his sentencing date and complained she could not locate her client.
Mr. Massino had been moved to a prison in Manhattan, possibly because prosecutors had planned to unseal the indictment yesterday.
Diane Cardwell contributed reporting for this article.
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The San Francisco, a nuclear-powered submarine, shown returning to Guam in June, hit an undersea mountain in the South Pacific on Jan. 8.
January 23, 2005
Danger Zone That Wasn’t, and a Sub’s Hidden Peril
By CHRISTOPHER DREW
Satellite images of the area where a nuclear submarine grounded two weeks ago clearly show a wedge-shaped undersea mountain that stretches across more than a mile of a desolate expanse of the South Pacific.
Military officials have said the mountain, which rises within 100 feet of the surface, was not on the navigation charts that the Navy uses. One sailor was killed and 60 were injured when the submarine, the San Francisco, smashed into the mountain, or a reef jutting out from it, at high speed on Jan. 8.
The satellite images, taken in 1999 and early 2004, suggest that the mountain is part of a larger range of undersea volcanoes and reefs. And they show that it sits more than three miles to the northwest of the nearest possible hazard on the charts.
Scientists who have studied the images say it is likely that the submarine’s officers believed they had safely skirted the danger zone – with the vessel about 500 feet below the surface – only to crash head-on into the mountain.
David Sandwell, a geophysics professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego, said it was also possible that the danger zone – an oval area described as containing “discolored water” – was a mistaken and poorly located reference to the undersea mountain.
Defense Department officials have said that the notation dated to the early 1960′s, and that it probably came from a surface ship that had spotted murky water. The discoloration could have been a temporary problem, like an oil slick, or a hazy indication of an undersea structure.
But the satellite images do not show any obstacles in that danger zone. And because it was hard for ships to get a precise fix on their coordinates before satellites came into wide use, Dr. Sandwell said, it is likely that the murky water was an early sign of the undersea mountain, and that the sailors who spotted it simply charted it in the wrong location.
“It seems relatively clear that that’s what happened,” he said.
Navy officials have said that the San Francisco, a nuclear attack submarine, crashed into the mountain 360 miles southeast of Guam on its way to Brisbane, Australia, a popular liberty port for sailors. Its bow was severely damaged, and 23 sailors were hurt too badly to stand watch as the vessel limped back to Guam.
The exact location of the crash remains classified. But the undersea mountain shows up on the satellite images at 7 degrees, 45.1 minutes north latitude and 147 degrees, 12.6 minutes east longitude.
The Navy is looking into the crash, which occurred in a little-used area that has never been systematically charted. Last week, the Navy reassigned the vessel’s captain while investigators examine whether he should bear any blame.
The main chart on the submarine was prepared by another agency within the Defense Department in 1989. Officials at the charting office have said they never had the resources to use the huge volumes of satellite data to improve their charts.
The submarine was traveling at more than 30 knots – close to its top speed – when the accident occurred. Scientists said the images were taken by the government’s Landsat 7 satellite.
Besides relying on charts, submarines also receive fixes from navigation satellites and take soundings of water depths. According to officials, the San Francisco’s officers have said they took a sounding just four minutes before the crash, and it indicated that the vessel was still in 6,000 feet of water.
It is possible that the San Francisco could have detected the undersea mountain if it had used its active sonar system. But since early in the cold war, submarines have avoided using active sonar, which emits loud pings that can give away their location. Even on training missions, they practice operating silently and rely on passive sonar systems that can detect only ships and other objects making noise.
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Friday, January 28, 2005
9:47:58 AM
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The Navy said it was still assessing the extent of the damage to the San Francisco, a nuclear submarine.
January 28, 2005
Navy Releases Photos of Crash Damage to Nuclear Submarine
By CHRISTOPHER DREW
The Navy yesterday released photographs of the shredded bow of a nuclear submarine that ran into an undersea mountain earlier this month, and officials said they were still assessing the extent of the damage.
The photos were taken once the submarine, the San Francisco, limped back to Guam after smashing into the mountain, which was not on its navigational charts. The photos show that the head-on crash 500 feet below the ocean’s surface destroyed a sonar dome that formed the submarine’s nose and peeled back part of the outer hull.
The accident, which killed one sailor and injured 60 others, occurred on Jan. 8 about 360 miles southeast of Guam. Navy officials said the submarine’s crew had to take emergency measures to blast to the surface and then keep the vessel afloat.
The submarine’s stronger inner hull, which protects the crew’s living and working spaces, held firm, preventing a possible disaster.
Lt. Cmdr. Jeff Davis, a spokesman for the Pacific Fleet, said yesterday that the sonar dome, made of fiberglass, shattered in the crash and that parts of the dome were hanging loosely when the submarine returned to port.
He said the dome, which carries sonar gear, is normally flooded with water, adding that the water there, along with water in the vessel’s forward ballast tanks, probably helped cushion the blow and keep the inner hull intact.
Norman Polmar, an author and analyst on Navy issues, agreed that the water, which fills the tanks when a submarine dives, “certainly would have protected and cushioned the inner hull and the crew inside.”
The photos also show two doors that shuttered torpedo hatches. Commander Davis said they held and did not flood. In taking the photos, he said, the Navy placed a tarpaulin over the remaining sonar gear because the technology is classified.
Commander Davis also said no decision had been made about repairing the submarine or what that might cost.
The San Francisco, an attack submarine, was commissioned in 1981. Its nuclear reactor, which was not damaged, was refueled in 2002 during a $200 million overhaul meant to extend the vessel’s life.
After the crash, sailors had to run an air blower for 30 hours to limit the water pouring in through holes in the forward ballast tanks and keep the vessel from sinking too low to maneuver.
Navy officials have said the San Francisco was traveling at high speed, more than 30 knots, when the crash occurred. They have reassigned its captain while investigators determine whether he bears any blame.
Military officials have said that the submarine’s main chart was prepared in 1989 and did not show any potential hazards within three miles of the crash site. Satellite images taken since then show the wedge-shaped outline of the undersea mountain. But officials have said the agency that prepared the charts had never had the resources to use the satellite data to improve them.
Also yesterday, Kent D. Lee, the chief executive of East View Cartographic Inc., a map company based in Minneapolis, said Russian Navy charts indicate more hazards in that part of the ocean than were on the American charts, though they also fail to show the undersea mountain.
Mr. Lee said the Russian charts have been available for five years. He said one of the Russian charts noted that the area where the crash occurred had been “insufficiently surveyed.” It also warned: “Cautionary measures should be taken when sailing.”
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Jodi,
I know you have enjoyed Maureen Dowd’s irreverant and iconoclastic slams on the Bushies and their incompetent misappropriation of power at the highest levels, Do you remember when I read you her piece about Antoin Scalia, the Supreme Court Justice, who went Duck hunting with the Vice President while the Supreme Court was hearing a case regarding Halliburton, which Cheney had been the President when the matters involved in the case took place.
Love Always, Michael
Maureen Dowd
The Damon Runyon Award, 1999-2000
Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist Maureen Dowd of The New York Times accepted The Denver Press Club’s Damon Runyon Award at a banquet held in her honor on April 15, at the historic Brown Palace Hotel in Denver. A sold-out audience of 350 was on hand to help celebrate the award which is given annually by The Denver Press Club to a member of the journalism community for outstanding contributions to the profession.
For each of the past six years, the Denver Press Club has made the award to a journalist who best exemplifies the spirit that Runyon biographer Tom Clark described when he wrote: “Damon Runyon was a listener and a watcher, a peripatetic student of life who possessed a diamond cutter’s powers of attention, the dispassionate curiosity of a scientist, the investigative energies of a great reporter and the local knowledge of the denizen of the streets.”
“I am so pleased to receive this award because Damon Runyon had exactly the kind of life I want,” said Dowd, recalling Runyon’s habits of frequenting places like New York City’s Stork Club and the racetrack. “He lived in a time when vice still had the virtue of being stylish.”
Damon Runyon grew up in Pueblo and worked for The Denver Post and The Rocky Mountain News from 1900 to 1911. He was a Denver Press Club member in the early 1900s before moving to New York to work as a sportswriter, reporter and columnist for the Hearst newspapers. His collection of short stories about the characters who frequented Broadway in the 1920s later formed the basis for the musical, Guys and Dolls.
Dowd had praise for both The Denver Rocky Mountain News and The Denver Post for their coverage of the Columbine High School shooting, coverage which won Pulitzer Prizes for each paper.
“We work in a very weird business where sometimes our best professional moments are someone else’s worst personal moments,” said Dowd. “In Washington last year, we covered farce. In Denver, you had to cover tragedy. I just can’t imagine how unspeakably sad that must have been. You have all my respect and awe for that.”
In speaking of her own Pulitzer, she said, “I never expected to win the Pulitzer, especially for writing about sex in The New York Times. I think they were really surprised, too.”
Denver Post Editorial Page Editor Sue O’Brien introduced Dowd to the audience. She described how both Denver papers vie over trying to be the first to get Dowd’s column into print each week. “Before Maureen’s column was available to both papers, the editorial staffs had it easy. The Monday paper was pretty much put to bed by late Friday, so we all had our weekends to ourselves. Since the Post had an exclusive on the column, we didn’t worry too much about when it arrived,” O’Brien explained. “But now that we both run it, we haunt the wires waiting for her copy to come over to make sure that “the hated Rocky” doesn’t get it ahead of us. There go our weekends!”
When Dowd took the podium to begin her acceptance speech she quipped, “I just love to be fought over.” In response to O’Brien’s highly complimentary introduction, Dowd offered to e-mail her column to her to free up her weekends.
Maureen Dowd is a Washington, D. C. native. She received her B.A. degree in English literature from Catholic University in Washington in 1973. She began her journalism career in 1974 as an editorial assistant for The Washington Star where she later became a sports columnist, metropolitan reporter and feature writer. When the Star folded in 1981, Dowd went to Time magazine. She joined The New York Times as a metropolitan reporter in October 1983. She was assigned to the paper’s Washington bureau in August, 1986. She covered two presidential campaigns and served as White House correspondent, gaining a wide following of admirers and imitators for her witty, incisive and acerbic portraits of the powerful. She also wrote a column, ”On Washington,” for The New York Times’ magazine. In 1992 Dowd was a Pulitzer finalist for national reporting.
She became a columnist on the Times Op-Ed page in January 1995 after returning from the Times’ Washington bureau. She won the 1999 Pulitzer Prize for Distinguished Commentary for her analysis of the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal. The judges praised her “unsparing columns on the hypocrisies involved in the Lewinsky affair and the effort to impeach President Bill Clinton.”
”There is no better writer today,” former President George W. Bush said when Dowd won her Pulitzer. ”She makes me laugh and cry. She makes me angry and sad. She tough as nails but she can be kinder and gentler too.”
Previous winners of The Damon Runyon Award include Jimmy Breslin of New York Newsday, the late Mike Royko of the Chicago Tribune, The late Herb Caen of the San Francisco Chronicle, Molly Ivins of the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, Pete Hamill of the New York Daily News and Ted Turner, founder of CNN.
In addition to presenting the Damon Runyon Award, the Denver Press club honored Colorado’s top collegiate journalists with the Damon Runyon scholarship. The first prize winner is Kevin Darst, a senior at Colorado State University and a general assignment reporter for the Fort Collins Coloradoan.
– Lance Thomas
Maureen Dowd Acceptance Speech
I’m just so glad to be out west. Back east, we’re dealing with charges and counter-charges, accusations of incompetence, a whisper campaign….But look, enough about the New York Times and the Pulitzer board.
The Times was shut out of the Pulitzers for the first time in 15 years. Not that anyone was counting.
So, I want to congratulate the two Denver papers on winning Pulitzers. But our new policy at the Times is that we think the Pulitzers are sort of ostentation. It’s sad that you need that sort of outside validation.
I never expected to win a Pulitzer. Especially not for writing about sex in the New York Times. I think they were really surprised too.
I realized that Bill Clinton was going to drag the Grey Lady into unexpected realms the first time I tried to write about the Paula Jones lawsuit.
I handed in 800 words to Howell Raines, the head of the editorial page, at eight o’clock. At 8:15 p.m., he returned it to me, edited. There were 200 words.
“The New York Times,” he told me, “does not make penis jokes.”
I knew we were in for a very bumpy year.
But I really knew we were in trouble the day I passed by Bill Safire’s office and saw him sitting in his big red leather easy chair, reading the Starr report in his lap.
He waved me in and told me, “There’s something here I don’t understand.”
I braced myself.
“What,” he inquired politely, “is thong underwear?”
Our language maven wasn’t being salacious. He was just flummoxed by the unfamiliar usage of a familiar word. He had not experienced a thong before as an adjective.
I had a flashback to the time Barbara Bush told me that President Bush had turned to her one night while he was flipping through a women’s magazine and asked, “Barb, what is a bikini wax?”
I tried to explain to Safire that it was like the thong that you wear on your foot at the beach but this one was wrapped around the….I hesitated.
“Posterior?” he asked helpfully. “So it’s like a g-string?”
He looked happy.
“That reminds me of my wild youth in Union City, N.J.”
It’s bad enough when the children of America are learning racy new images. But when the veteran columnists of America are exposed to it, that’s really scary.
I often feel vaguely that I’m trapped in (the movie) Groundhog Day….I’m once more covering a presidential candidate named George Bush who can’t talk….a self made “bidness” man from Midland with monogrammed cowboy boots who, when I ask him if he’s read any novels lately, tells me to stop psychoanalyzing him.
Isn’t there some sort of double jeopardy provision for this, that you can’t kill the same man twice?
I will admit…I do miss Monica, in the same way I used to miss Nancy Reagan and her astrologer, the same way I’m sure you all miss Patsy Ramsey.
I wonder if Monica has any new thoughts on education reform? Or if she still prefers Sweet N Low to Equal?
People once told me that winning the Pulitzer would change my life. I envisioned a cascade of men, money, exclusive interviews, respect. But it hasn’t happened. Leonardo DiCaprio is getting all the exclusive interviews.
I am so pleased to get this award because Damon Runyon had exactly the kind of life I want: hanging out at the Stork Club and a supper club in Times Square called the Silver Slipper. Going to the track.
He lived in a time when vice still had the virtue of being stylish.
We work in a very weird business where sometimes our best professional moments are someone else’s worst personal moments.
When I first became a reporter at the Washington Star, I was a police reporter. My editors would send me out to terrible situations.
I remember a mother whose kids had died in a fire. I remember a father whose daughter died in a crash on prom night. I could never work up my nerve to interview them.
I would drive around in the car, around and around the block. Usually, I would just put my head on the steering wheel and wish I had a different personality. It took me years to actually do those kinds of interviews.
In Washington last year, we covered farce. In Denver, you had to cover tragedy. I just can’t imagine how unspeakably sad that must have been.
I’d really like to say, you have all my respect and awe for that.
So thank you for this (award) tonight. I really do feel like Damon Runyon’s Lucky Lady. Don’t let anyone squirt cider in your ear.
O’Brien tells of competition, Dowd’s contributions
In introducing 1999-2000 Damon Runyon Award winner Maureen Dowd, Denver Post Editorial Page Editor Sue O’Brien told of the competition between Denver’s two major dailies to scoop one another by being first to run Dowd’s popular column. She also praised Dowd as a writer who has avoided the stereotypical female journalist’s role as an advocate, choosing instead to rely on “her gift of observation and her gift of _expression to create a distinctive, mocking style that has spawned not just imitation but outright envy and resentment.”
The complete text of O’Brien’s remarks follows:
Maureen — you’ve probably heard until you’re tired of hearing it that one of the great signs of the popularity of your column is that it is featured in both daily newspapers in this most competitive of newspaper markets.
What you may not know is just how competitive our use of your column has come to be.
Once upon a time, in the good old days, The Denver Post (WE capitalize our THE, just like you guys) enjoyed the exclusive use of THE New York Times’ columnists.
But then, the Times news service decided to see if it could get DOUBLE profits out of competitive markets.
And, of course, it could. And the then-Rocky Mountain News was permitted — at what I hope was a substantial price — to horn in on our exclusive franchise.
And there began, not just the Newspaper War, but the Maureen Dowd war.
I need to add a couple of other facts here, quickly.
First, in this market at least, Sunday opinion sections are usually prepared in advance. That means we wrap up our week’s work on Friday.
Secondly — at least out here in the middle markets — the exalted — and generally grizzled — members of editorial-page staffs have come to see a 9 to 5, Monday to Friday workweek as a necessary perk of late-career life.
At least we saw it as a necessary perk until we found ourselves “sharing” an immensely popular columnist who writes for Sundays in her home newspaper and whose column is usually transmitted out to us here in the boondocks at about 5 p.m. on Saturday.
Back in the good old days, when we valued our weekends more than competition, both The Post and the Rocky editorial page folks went home on Friday confident that a lovely, fresh Dowd column would be waiting for us on Monday mornings, as yet virgin in Denver.
And so we both ran you on Tuesday and no one was the wiser.
And then one day, I got this brainstorm. If I’d just come in on Sunday, I could sub the Dowd column into our already-prepared Monday page — and steal a march on the hated Rocky.
It worked. For two weeks.
Until my friends at the Rocky discovered that they could come in on the weekend, too. They not only saw my Monday — but at least a couple of times their somewhat later deadline has enabled them to raise the ante to Sunday.
When that shot was fired across my bow, the only thing that gave me comfort was the vision of Vince Carroll, Linda Seebach and Peter Blake taking it in turns to hover over the AP wire on Saturday, waiting to pounce and beat me to the punch.
At the moment, things have pretty much settled down. You’re a Monday staple in both newspapers, with an occasional Sunday outing in the Rocky. But the leisurely weekend of Denver editorial-page staffs is a thing of distant memory.
Thank you, Maureen.
We’re here tonight to honor a woman who has drawn more than her share of controversy in our industry because she HASN’T taken on the traditional female columnist’s burden of advocating for the downtrodden at every turn.
She has, instead, carved out a path that is largely gender-neutral — except in the terms her critics use to describe HER with — relying on her gift of observation and her gift of _expression to create a distinctive, mocking style that has spawned not just imitation but outright envy and resentment.
And immense admiration.
Maureen Dowd is a native of Washington, D.C.
She graduated from Catholic University in Washington in 1973 and began working at the Washington Star the next year as an editorial assistant — progressing to become a sports columnist, metro reporter and feature writer.
After the Star folded in 1981, Dowd worked briefly at Time magazine before joining The Times in 1983.
She went home to Washington in 1986 to join The Times’ D.C. bureau, where her distinctive, acerbic style as the paper’s White House correspondent led to her first Pulitzer nomination — for national reporting — in 1992.
It was during those years, that I first acknowledged her as a role model. Maybe it takes another Irish-American woman to fully appreciate the blessing — and burden — of being able to spot bull … blarney.
In 1995, she moved from The Times’ news pages to the op-ed page, where she began writing the column that, again, won her a Pulitzer nomination, and this time the prize in 1999.
That prize, for commentary, was awarded “for her fresh and insightful columns on the impact of President Clinton’s affair with Monica Lewinsky.”
The Pulitzer stirred a whirlwind of commentary from a lot of people who appear to have been challenged to prove that they can be just as mean as they think she is.
She’s been accused of damaging the noble traditions of political reporting by her failure to bring to the art the appropriate seriousness and sanctimony. Her excursions into popular culture are seen as trivializing the art of pious pontification, instead — as I would contend — of bringing it forward from the Nineteenth Century into not just the 20th but the 21st.
Pious Maureen Dowd is not, but she’s a worthy recipient of the sixth annual Damon Runyon Award.
Damon Runyon brought to life the people he wrote about.
In that tradition, Dowd’s deft profiles have, yes, violated Camelot — but they’ve done so by making its inhabitants recognizable and accessible to readers who don’t know a thing about politics and — until they started reading her — probably didn’t care.
And she’s brought something else. And that’s a moral core.
Of Dowd’s Pulitzer, NewsWatch critic Trevor Butterworth wrote last fall, “Perhaps Dowd’s critics, for all their avowed seriousness, have simply missed the point of satire — the fundamental indignation at corruption and folly. ‘Satire’, as the English poet Alexander Pope pointed out, ‘heals with morals what it hurts with wit.’ ”
It’s a great honor to introduce you tonight to America’s reigning witty moralist — winner of the 1999 Pulitzer Prize for commentary and the 2000 Damon Runyon award — Maureen Dowd of the The Denver Post and the Denver Rocky Mountain News — and The New York Times.
She writes, as one member of the Damon Runyon award committee pointed out, “what other reporters are thinking, but are afraid to say.
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Friday, January 28, 2005
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Kate Coleman is the author of a frequently unflattering biography of Judi Bari, who died eight years ago.
January 28, 2005
Book on Environmentalist Creates a Storm
By DEAN E. MURPHY
WILLITS, Calif., Jan. 24 – The book signing scheduled here last weekend at Leaves of Grass Books was supposed to be a crowd pleaser. The guest was the author of a new biography on Judi Bari, an anti-logging activist and eco-celebrity who until her death eight years ago lived in a cabin outside of town.
But when the store’s owner, Rani Saijo, read the book, she canceled the event. The biography’s portrait of Ms. Bari was not a familiar one, but rather something “muddy and murky,” Ms. Saijo said, adding, “I felt the intent was to incite people.”
Though appearances elsewhere by the author, Kate Coleman, have proceeded as planned, her sometimes gossipy and often unflattering book has drawn demands from the executor of Ms. Bari’s estate that the publisher pull it from stores. It has also inspired an anti-Coleman Web site and led to shouting matches across bookshelves in backwoods places like the nearby town of Fort Bragg and elsewhere in Mendocino County, where many of Ms. Bari’s friends, admirers and colleagues from the radical group Earth First! live.
Ms. Coleman opened the promotion tour for her book, “The Secret Wars of Judi Bari,” at the Fort Bragg Public Library this month.
“It felt like a book burning,” said Robin Watters, branch manager there.
At one point, Ms. Watters said, the session was halted because those opposed to the book were interrupting Ms. Coleman and calling her a liar. Eventually the author slipped out the back door.
“I was expecting if there was to be any hostility, it would be from the timber people,” Ms. Watters said. “It was not something that interested them. It was the Earth Firsters that came.”
Ms. Bari died of cancer in 1997, but her fiery presence looms large across much of California’s redwood-forested North Coast. She rose to prominence in the late 1980′s, when she helped organize confrontational but nonviolent efforts against logging, playing her fiddle as Earth First! activists stood in the way of heavy equipment and blocked roads.
A car bombing that nearly killed her in 1990 remains one of the unsolved mysteries of the environmental movement, helping to secure folk-hero status for her among the people she corralled to defend the old-growth redwoods.
Last year the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Oakland police agreed to a $4 million settlement of a lawsuit brought by her (and pursued by her estate) and a passenger in her car, Darryl Cherney, over their false arrest in the bombing. The authorities originally accused them of knowingly transporting the pipe bomb when it exploded in Oakland, a claim that was later dropped.
May 24, the date of the bombing, is now recognized as Judi Bari Day in Oakland, a screenplay about her life is in the making, and the Pulitzer Prize-winning author Susan Faludi is also working on a Bari book.
The Judi Bari in the Coleman biography is a troubled and flawed leader so consumed by her “secret wars” against the F.B.I., her former husband and other adversaries that she neglected the forests movement that had led to her celebrity.
The book says that in the years after the bombing, Ms. Bari chose “the role of martyr over that of environmental activist,” and that “many who once were close to her claimed that she had become a tyrannical diva.” It says she made money by “scamming through nuisance suits against deep pockets.”
Mr. Cherney, another Earth First! organizer, said in an e-mail interview that the book was riddled with errors – the anti-Coleman Web site claims to have found 351 in the 232 pages of text – and seemed bent on destroying Ms. Bari’s reputation.
“Today there are few progressive heroes left,” said Mr. Cherney, who was romantically involved with Ms. Bari at the time of the bombing. “But even the ones who have died must be killed again by literary assassins like Kate Coleman.”
Much of the opponents’ ire has been directed at the publisher, Encounter Books, a small nonprofit based in San Francisco and financed by the conservative Bradley Foundation. Encounter has printed other books critical of prominent liberals, including “The Hillary Trap” and “The Anti-Chomsky Reader.”
Peter Collier, Encounter’s publisher, said it “has an interest in conservative things but is not a doctrinaire publishing house.” He likened the outcry to the “determined rejectionism” of Japanese soldiers who years after World War II were still wandering the Pacific. He said the book broke with “left-wing orthodoxy” in a number of areas, for instance not settling on the F.B.I. as the likely culprit in the bombing.
Ms. Coleman is a Berkeley writer who became active in left-wing causes in the 1960′s. As a freelance journalist, she has written for publications including New Times, LA Weekly and The Los Angeles Times. From 1999 to 2001, she did reporting for several news articles in The New York Times.
She said that because the biography did not accept a popular image of Ms. Bari as “the Mother Teresa of the North Coast forests,” it had invited a showdown with “bitter-enders who are the keepers of her flame.” Nothing less than “the meaning of Bari’s life and death” and “who owns her memory” are in dispute, Ms. Coleman said.
The book also delves into claims about Ms. Bari’s personal life, among them that she was abused during her marriage to Mike Sweeney and that the couple feuded bitterly over custody of their two daughters. It discusses speculation that Mr. Sweeney might have been involved in the car bombing.
“The personal in this case became the political,” Ms. Coleman said at a book reading on Sunday at the Gallery Bookshop in Mendocino, where people interested in the biography shouted down her critics a couple of times. “I really feel that I am trying to talk about ideas, and not do character assassination.”
Mr. Sweeney, who edits the anti-Coleman Web site, colemanhoax.com, said the book was based on unfounded gossip that had been circulated by Ms. Bari’s “avowed enemies,” many of whom broke with her, he said, because they were jealous of her success.
“They don’t really care about me,” Mr. Sweeney said. “I am just a convenient straw man that they can use to further their goal, which is to belittle Judi.”
Ms. Coleman acknowledges some errors and says they will be corrected in future printings, but rejects the notion that they undermine the book’s credibility. Some fact checking was made hard, she said, because many of Ms. Bari’s relatives and friends would not cooperate. Ms. Bari’s older sister, Gina Kolata, a science reporter at The New York Times, was not interviewed for the book.
Ms. Coleman said complaints about the errors, and aspersions cast on the publisher, were being used as a smokescreen by the book’s detractors, whose real aim, she said, is to preserve an incomplete and distorted memory of Ms. Bari.
Conflict over Ms. Bari’s image is one she herself spoke about.
“People have these incredible standards of behavior for me,” she told an interviewer in 1995. “And if I meet them, I am resented for being too saintly; and if I don’t meet them, I’m vilified for not being saintly enough. And nobody can look at me without thinking of the bombing. I can’t just be myself.”
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Ready For Romance
Tuesday January 25, 2005 6:00PM PT
There’s still a week to go in January, but “romantic” searches are already heating up as would-be Romeos seek inspiration in time to plan a great Valentine’s Day (+18%) for that special someone. The guys who scoff at such early preparations might consider this: 70% of Valentine’s searches this past week come from women. (Yes, she is expecting a fuss, and yes, it’s coming from you.) Dinner reservations fill up fast, and because this year’s day of love falls on a Monday, expect romance to be in full bloom the weekend before. Avoid being that guy cobbling together a gift at the local gas station at the last minute. Instead, read on for the top 10 “romantic” notions in other folks’ heads:

Valentine’s Hearts
- Romantic Poems — no one says it as many ways as Elizabeth Barrett Browning, but you can’t go wrong with the Bard, either.
- Romantic Ideas — candlelit dinners and moonlight serenades are all well and good, but you’ll have to search your imagination and not the Internet if you’re after something unique.
- Romantic Getaways — a great idea, as long as you’re not “getting away” from each other.
- Romantic Quotes — it’s all been said before, so you might as well forsake originality.
- Romantic Gifts — if it’s for her, steer clear of kitchen appliances. If it’s for him, steer clear of romance.
- Romantic E-cards — we’re not in the habit of giving advice (gentle ridicule is more to our liking), but if you think an e-card, however romantic, is going to endear you to your love, you might want to take a break from the computer.
- Romantic Compatibility — you’re right. It’s much safer to trust your fate to a web site than to go by what your friends have to say.
- Romantic Planet — last we checked, this personals site boasted 408,982 connections and counting…
- Romantic Songs — learn how to strum her favorite tune, but leave the lyrics out if you’re an Idol reject.
- Romantic Love Letters — the best ones come from your heart, written by your hand (and no, copying doesn’t count).
- Romantic Poems — no one says it as many ways as Elizabeth Barrett Browning, but you can’t go wrong with the Bard, either.

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